Ethnicity coding in English health service datasets

Ethnicity coding in English health service datasets
Nuffield Trust 7 June 2021

• This report looks at the quality and consistency of ethnicity coding within health datasets. The analysis of the quality of ethnicity coding in hospital datasets found data quality problems including:
• incomplete coding and inconsistent use of codes
• an excessive and growing proportion of patients have ethnicity recorded as “not known”, “not stated” or “other” which impedes reliable analyses of ethnic differences, and
• systematic biases in data quality - for example, data quality is worse in London, in adults of working age, and for patients with short hospital stays.
• The report calls on NHS England to provide new guidance for health service providers and GPs.

Health inequalities evidence hub

Evidence hub: What drives health inequalities?
Health Foundation

• A searchable collection of resources including data, insights and analysis exploring how the circumstances in which we live shape our health.

Government transparency and accountability during Covid 19: The data underpinning decisions

Government transparency and accountability during Covid 19: The data underpinning decisions
Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs Committee 15 March 2021

• The Government must learn from past failures in data handling and sharing if it is to build the long-term public consent necessary to overcome the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic. In a report published today, the Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs Committee warns that the failure to provide sufficient explanation of the data underpinning key decisions during Covid-19 placed needless strain on public confidence. It urges the Government to reinvigorate how data is communicated with the public and shared with partner agencies in the fight against Covid-19 to enable fast, flexible response to the future challenges of the pandemic, and ensure they are supported by society.

Helping tackle loneliness through open data on local services

Helping tackle loneliness through open data on local services
LGA , Dept Digital Culture Media and Sport, July 2020

• The report describes pilot work to tackle loneliness and agree ways of gathering and sharing services data openly.  The "Open Referral UK" data standard was used to collect data which was shared in a standardised format, such that hyperlocal services can be identified based on someone’s location and personal circumstances.
• The work to-date (processes, tools, data standards) has been sufficiently generic to be applicable to any local services, not just those helpful to combating loneliness. In future, it is hoped all local services will be published more openly and consistently for easy discovery and take-up.
• A specification and standard for the published data was documented and an exemplar app was developed to show the principles of data discovery. Links to early published data sets is offered for trial use drawn from the work of the participating councils and their suppliers and through wider links to other data sources

Health Data Insight CiC

Health Data Insight CiC

• HDI uses data to provide insight for patients, the public and healthcare professionals. Current projects include
• The Index of Suspicion -using machine learning and computational methods to explore national prescribing data to try to identify patterns in prescribing prior to cancer diagnosis.
• The Real-World Standing Cohort study is a data analytical project which provides insight into the patient pathway to understand how cancer treatments are working and where improvements can be made.
• The Pathway Viewer is a secure online tool which shows the patient pathways from diagnosis to treatment for cancer patients in the NHS.
• The cancer pathway tool is a suite of software tools, processes and services written using open source computer languages and libraries
• Health Data Insight CiC aims to:
• create value for public sector organisations by finding new knowledge from both existing and new sources of information
• provide a data management and linkage service that allows partners to access information in safe-havens that guarantee the privacy of each individual patient.
• create visual, internet-based information services and applications that can be easily accessed, used and understood
• supply organisations with information and services that they can use to understand and help improve their services
• deliver information to patients in accessible ways to help them improve the ways they choose, access and use services and understand their clinical condition and care.

Exploring the vulnerability to COVID19 between communities in England

Exploring the vulnerability to COVID19 between communities in England
Place-based longitudinal data resource 18 June 2020

• Graphical association between mortality from COVID19 in each the 6,791 Middle Super Output Areas (MSOAs) in England and the proportion of the population from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds, income deprived, over 80 years old, living in care homes, living in overcrowded housing and having been admitted in the past 5 years for a chronic health condition.
• "Our findings indicate high levels of vulnerability to COVID19 are clustered within the North West, West Midlands and North East regions."

Acute hospital trust catchment population

Acute hospital trust catchment populations
PHE v1.1 May 2020

• A tool using Microsoft Power BI which models estimates of catchment populations for hospital provider trusts in England. Users can select a trust or a region they are interested in and then throughout the dashboard, additional options may be available such as admission type and year to
• Further details on methodology can be found on the first and last pages of the dashboard, or on the PHE National Health Intelligence KHub site (registration required), where the dashboard has a wiki page.

NHS ViewPoint

NHS ViewPoint

• NHS ViewPoint is an intelligence tool that can help you understand your health and care system and identify where delivery and outcome improvements can potentially be made. Includes Population health and Population Demographics reports. See the demo videos on the Future|NHS page [registration required]. 
• NHS ViewPoint launched in April 2020 and replaced the National Performance and Population Health Dashboard and is located in the NHS Insights Platform.

Neighbourhood plan areas

Neighbourhood plan areas 

LGA 20 March 2020

• LGA have updated the Neighbourhood Plan Area data on Natural Neighbourhoods. You can see any local authority or larger area broken down by neighbourhood plan area (see example) now on the map site.
• For any neighbourhood plan area, you can also view basic statistics on the LG Inform Plus reports site - change the selector at the top to see a different area.

How have inequalities in the quality of care changed over the last 10 years

How have inequalities in the quality of care changed over the last 10 years
QualityWatch 23 January 2020

• Analysis of data for 23 indicators of quality of NHS care has shown that people living in the most deprived areas of England experience a worse quality of NHS care and poorer health outcomes than people living in the least deprived areas. 
• The authors used Hospital Episode Statistics, patient survey data, published health statistics and the Index of Multiple Deprivation. Using this data they looked at 23 indicators measuring the quality of NHS care for the 10% of people living in the most deprived areas and the 10% of people living in the least deprived areas of England. From this they constructed an inequality score that is comparable across different performance measures and over time.

HealthGIS SCW CSU

HealthGIS
South Central and West CSU

• Interactive maps and dashboards that illustrate local and strategic healthcare data with instant results.

Google Health unveils EHR data aggregation tool for clinicians

Google Health unveils EHR data aggregation tool for clinicians
Digital Health 27 November 2019

• Google Health is working on a clinical dashboard capable of pulling data from various clinical systems into a unified interface. The as-yet-unnamed product provides a single login through which doctors can access a unified view of data that would normally spread across different systems. This includes vitals, labs, medications and notes, as well as scanned documents and faxes.

The Networked Data Lab

The Networked Data Lab
Health Foundation 2019

• The Networked Data Lab will provide national and local health system leaders with insights from data to take action in order to improve the UK’s health and care. It will also help create an active community of data analysts working together on shared challenges, and will promote the use of analytics in improving health and social care. Health Foundation are accepting expressions of interest from local data teams until 13 December 2019.
• News story: New national data network to address major health and care challenges, 29 October 2019

East Midlands Cancer Performance Dashboard

East Midlands Cancer Performance Dashboard
East Midlands Cancer Alliance Microsoft Power BI data dashboard

Visualising patient journeys - Theographs

A 10-year story: visualising patient journeys
Nuffield Trust 18 March 2019

• History of the development of Theographs - an approach to visualising individual patient journeys through simple charts using large and complex datasets from health and care providers to answer specific questions about how services are working, and how they might work better. The work links data from multiple sources about the care of individuals to understand a person’s current and future health status, but which would not have been available from a single dataset. 
• The basic properties of the example chart are as follows:
• It displays information for a single individual.
• The horizontal axis represents a span of time – in this case, three consecutive calendar years.
• Every plotted point on the chart represents one contact the individual had with a health or care provider during the period.
• Contacts with a single service are represented by points on the same horizontal line.
• Different types of contact are displaced vertically from one another to allow the viewer to make out the detail of overlapping contacts. The scale of the vertical displacement has no meaning in itself, but similar types of contacts (such as hospital contacts) are grouped more closely together to help the viewer distinguish more easily between types of service. The shapes selected also help to visually group the points into distinct service types.
• Points that are stretched horizontally represent services that take place over a number of days, such as multiple-day hospital admissions or social care packages of care.
• Some randomness is assigned to the apparent dates of contacts displayed, to ensure we don’t ever disclose information that could identify the individual.
• Other examples include North West London’s Whole Systems Integrated Care Dashboards and  Graphnet’s Business Intelligence tools.

Evaluation of NHS and Social Care Outcomes Frameworks for Monitoring Quality, Performance and Accountability in Integrated Care Systems

Evaluation of NHS and Social Care Outcomes Frameworks for Monitoring Quality, Performance and Accountability in Integrated Care Systems
Outcomes Based Healthcare March 2019

• An evaluation have been carried out to assess the technical integrity of indicators used across 5 publicly available health and social care outcomes frameworks:
• The NHS Outcomes Framework (52 indicators)
• The Incentives Framework for ACOs – DRAFT (subsequently re-released in August 2018 as the Incentives Framework for ICPs - DRAFT) (41 indicators)
• The Quality and Outcomes Framework (77 indicators)
• The Adult Social Care Outcomes Framework (35 indicators)
• The CCG Improvement and Assessment Framework (69 indicators)
• This evaluation was carried out by Outcomes Based Healthcare, in partnership with Centene UK, between December 2017 and February 2018. the evaluation was to support Greater Nottingham’s transition to an ICS, but is applicable to any ICS.

Local Government Value for Money Profiles

Local Government Value for Money Profiles
LGA

• The Local Government Inform (LG Inform) Value for Money (VfM) profiles bring together data about the costs, performance and activity of local councils and fire and rescue authorities. 
• The data are displayed in a series of topic based reports that give an overview of the chosen organisation and the services it delivers eg Public health, Children & young people, Adult social care.

Testing of loneliness questions in surveys

Testing of loneliness questions in surveys
Chapter 4 of National Measurement of Loneliness: 2018
ONS 5 December 2018

• This chapter gives an overview of ONS loneliness question testing, methodology and findings. Including:
• the questions and surveys that were used for testing
• the specific aims of the testing for each survey
• the statistical analysis used
• the main findings from testing
• our conclusions and recommendations

Cancer Alliance Data, Evidence and Analysis Service (CADEAS)

Cancer Alliance Data, Evidence and Analysis Service (CADEAS)
NHS England and Public Health England

• CADEAS was established during 2017/18 and supports Cancer Alliances’ analytical needs enabling them to lead transformation using a whole pathway and cross-organisational approach. 
• CADEAS aims to influence, inform and share best practice ensuring data, analysis and evidence and evaluation are at the heart of local decision making. 
• CADEAS publish a variety of products for the 19 Cancer Alliances in England including 
• Cancer Alliance, STP and CCG summary grid of key indicators 
• Cancer Alliance data packs by CCG

*NEW* Google Dataset Search

Google Dataset Search

• A new Google tool which will "enables users to find datasets stored across the Web through a simple keyword search. The tool surfaces information about datasets hosted in thousands of repositories across the Web, making these datasets universally accessible and useful."
• See Google launch announcement  5 September 2018